Though all types of depression are similar, each one requires variations in treatment to ensure optimal results. Because of this, it is of utmost importance to receive a proper diagnosis from an experienced doctor.
Three Main Types of Depression
There are three main types of depression – major depression, dysthymia and bipolar depression. Major depression is the most common form of depression, and is defined as any depressive episode that lasts for most of the day for the majority of at least two weeks. The overall depressed mood is typically accompanied by a loss of interest in pleasurable activities. Additional symptoms may also include changes in eating and sleeping habits, excessive fatigue, feelings of guilt and hopelessness, difficulty concentrating and thoughts of suicide.
Dysthymia is a type of depression that is more prolonged than major depression, though not as severe. As such, individuals who have felt mildly depressed for at least two years are likely suffering from dysthymia. All symptoms associated with major depression can be present in dysthymia patients, although typically to a lesser degree.
Bipolar depression, also called bipolar disorder or manic depression, is a type of depression that features periods of high mania followed by periods of extreme depression. These cycles of mood swings typically last at least a week, though can vary significantly.
Other Types of Depression
The scientific community has also identified a number of subcategories of depression. These include:
Anxiety Depression: cases in which anxiety symptoms accompany depression symptoms
Chronic Depression: major depression that lasts for a period of two years or more
Double Depression: occurs when a dysthymia patient also goes through a bout of major depression
Post-Partum Depression: a period of major depressive that follows the birth of a child and lasts between a couple weeks and several months
Seasonal Affective Disorder: reoccurring depression that coincides with the changing of the seasons. Typically, reduced sunlight associated with the Fall and Winter contribute to the feelings of depression.
Situational Depression: a depression episode that results from a specific stressful situation (divorce, job loss, death in the family, etc.)
